Austenitic Stainless Steels
Mechanical Properties and Specifications
Table 4.4 summarizes the ASTM minimum room temperature annealed mechanical property requirements for each grade for wrought product specifications.
For most grades the minimum yield strength is 30 ksi (205 MPa). Exceptions are S30403 (type 304L) and S31603 (type 316L) with 25 ksi (170 MPa) minimum yield strength because of their lower carbon content. Grades such as S30451 (type 304N) and S31726 (317LMN), have a small nitrogen addition which raises the yield strength to 35 ksi (240 MPa), and the high nitrogen grades which have substantially higher strength.
Minimum tensile strength values generally follow the yield strength values.
The ASTM specifications list minimum properties for annealed material. However, because of their high work hardening rates, the austenitic grades, as-delivered, may have much higher yield strength as a result of:
- mill straightening and flattening operations,
- intentional mill processing to produce higher mechanical properties by cold working, and
- cold fabrication operations by the end user.
Many of the austenitic stainless steels are included in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for high temperature service. This code provides for maximum allowable design stresses based on either short-term tensile properties at lower temperatures, or on creep properties at higher temperatures.
The maximum design stress values as a function of temperature for wrought plate and castings, as they appear in various sections of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, are given in Table 4.5.
It should be noted that other product forms may have slightly different design stress values, and product forms containing a weldment generally carry a stress value reduced by a multiplying factor of 0.85. For more details on this subject, see the CASTI Guidebooks to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Volumes 1 to 4, published by CASTI Publishing.
Table 4.4 ASTM Mechanical Properties (A 240, A 276, A 479, A 493, A 582)
|
UNS No. |
Alloy |
Condition |
Tensile Strength, min. |
Yield Strength, min. |
|
Hardness, max. |
|||
|
ksi |
MPa |
ksi |
MPa |
% Elongation |
HB |
HRB |
|||
|
S20100 |
201 |
Annealed |
95 |
655 |
38 |
260 |
40.0 |
--- |
95 |
|
S20200 |
202 |
Annealed |
90 |
620 |
38 |
260 |
40.0 |
241 |
--- |
|
S20400 |
Nitronic 30 |
Annealed |
95 |
655 |
48 |
330 |
35.0 |
241 |
100 |
|
S30100 |
301 |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S30200 |
302 |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
201 |
92 |
|
S30430 |
302HQ |
Annealed |
88 |
605 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S30400 |
304 |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
201 |
92 |
|
S30403 |
304L |
Annealed |
70 |
485 |
25 |
170 |
40.0 |
201 |
92 |
|
S30451 |
304N |
Annealed |
80 |
550 |
35 |
240 |
30.0 |
201 |
92 |
|
S30500 |
305 |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
183 |
88 |
|
S31600 |
316 |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S31603 |
316L |
Annealed |
70 |
485 |
25 |
170 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S31703 |
317L |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S31726 |
317LMN |
Annealed |
80 |
550 |
35 |
240 |
40.0 |
223 |
96 |
|
S21800 |
Nitronic 60 |
Annealed |
95 |
655 |
50 |
345 |
35.0 |
241 |
--- |
|
S20161 |
Gall-Tough |
Annealed |
125 |
860 |
50 |
345 |
40.0 |
255 |
--- |
|
S30300 |
303 |
Annealed |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
262 |
--- |
|
S30323 |
303Se |
Annealed |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
262 |
--- |
|
S30409 |
304H |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
201 |
92 |
|
S32100 |
321 |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S34700 |
347 |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
201 |
92 |
|
S31609 |
316H |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S30815 |
253MA |
Annealed |
87 |
600 |
45 |
310 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S30900 |
309 |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S30908 |
309S |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S30909 |
309H |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S31000 |
310 |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S31008 |
310S |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
|
S31009 |
310H |
Annealed |
75 |
515 |
30 |
205 |
40.0 |
217 |
95 |
Table 4.5 Maximum Allowable Stress Values (ksi), Plate as a Function of Temperature (°F)
|
ASME Section I; Section III, Class 2 and 3; Section VIII, Division 1 |
||||||||||||||
|
UNS No. |
Alloy |
-20 to 100 |
200 |
300 |
400 |
500 |
600 |
650 |
700 |
750 |
800 |
850 |
900 |
950 |
|
S20100 |
201-1 |
25.3 |
19.3 |
16.6 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S20400 |
Nitronic 30 |
27.1 |
23.6 |
20.3 |
17.9 |
16.5 |
15.8 |
15.6 |
15.5 |
15.3 |
15.1 |
14.8 |
14.3 |
--- |
|
S30400 |
304 |
20.0 |
16.7 |
15.0 |
13.8 |
12.9 |
12.3 |
12.0 |
11.7 |
11.5 |
11.2 |
11.0 |
10.8 |
10.6 |
|
J92600 |
CF-8 |
20.0 |
16.7 |
15.0 |
13.8 |
12.9 |
12.3 |
12.0 |
11.7 |
11.5 |
11.2 |
11.0 |
10.8 |
10.6 |
|
S30403 |
304L |
16.7 |
14.3 |
12.8 |
11.7 |
10.9 |
10.4 |
10.2 |
10.0 |
9.8 |
9.7 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
J92500 |
CF-3 |
20.0 |
16.7 |
15.0 |
13.8 |
12.9 |
12.3 |
12.0 |
11.7 |
11.5 |
11.2 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S30451 |
304N |
22.9 |
19.1 |
16.7 |
15.1 |
14.0 |
13.3 |
13.0 |
12.8 |
12.5 |
12.3 |
12.1 |
11.8 |
11.6 |
|
S31600 |
316 |
20.0 |
17.3 |
15.6 |
14.3 |
13.3 |
12.6 |
12.3 |
12.1 |
11.9 |
11.8 |
11.6 |
11.5 |
11.4 |
|
J92900 |
CF-8M |
20.0 |
17.2 |
15.5 |
14.2 |
13.3 |
12.6 |
12.3 |
12.1 |
11.9 |
11.7 |
11.6 |
11.5 |
11.4 |
|
S31603 |
316L |
16.7 |
14.2 |
12.7 |
11.7 |
10.9 |
10.4 |
10.2 |
10.0 |
9.8 |
9.6 |
9.4 |
--- |
--- |
|
J92800 |
CF-3M |
20.0 |
17.2 |
15.5 |
14.2 |
13.3 |
12.6 |
12.3 |
12.1 |
11.9 |
11.7 |
11.6 |
--- |
--- |
|
S31703 |
317L |
20.0 |
17.0 |
15.2 |
14.0 |
13.1 |
12.5 |
12.2 |
12.0 |
11.7 |
11.5 |
11.3 |
--- |
--- |
|
S30409 |
304H |
20.0 |
16.7 |
15.0 |
13.8 |
12.9 |
12.3 |
12.0 |
11.7 |
11.5 |
11.2 |
11.0 |
10.8 |
10.6 |
|
S32100 |
321 |
20.0 |
18.0 |
16.5 |
15.3 |
14.3 |
13.5 |
13.2 |
13.0 |
12.7 |
12.6 |
12.4 |
12.3 |
12.1 |
|
S34700 |
347 |
20.0 |
18.4 |
17.1 |
16.0 |
15.0 |
14.3 |
14.0 |
13.8 |
13.7 |
13.6 |
13.5 |
13.4 |
13.4 |
|
S31609 |
316H |
20.0 |
17.3 |
15.6 |
14.3 |
13.3 |
12.6 |
12.3 |
12.1 |
11.9 |
11.8 |
11.6 |
11.5 |
11.4 |
|
S30815 |
253MA |
24.9 |
24.7 |
22.0 |
19.9 |
18.5 |
17.7 |
17.4 |
17.2 |
17.0 |
16.8 |
16.6 |
16.4 |
16.2 |
|
S30908 |
309S |
20.0 |
17.5 |
16.1 |
15.1 |
14.4 |
13.9 |
13.7 |
13.5 |
13.3 |
13.1 |
12.9 |
12.7 |
12.5 |
|
S30909 |
309H |
20.0 |
17.5 |
16.1 |
15.1 |
14.4 |
13.9 |
13.7 |
13.5 |
13.3 |
13.1 |
12.9 |
12.7 |
12.5 |
|
S31008 |
310S |
20.0 |
17.6 |
16.1 |
15.1 |
14.3 |
13.7 |
13.5 |
13.3 |
13.1 |
12.9 |
12.7 |
12.5 |
12.3 |
|
S31009 |
310H |
20.0 |
17.6 |
16.1 |
15.1 |
14.3 |
13.7 |
13.5 |
13.3 |
13.1 |
12.9 |
12.7 |
12.5 |
12.3 |
Table 4.5 Maximum Allowable Stress Values (ksi), Plate as a Function of Temperature (°F) (continued)
|
ASME Section I; Section III, Class 2 and 3; Section VIII, Division 1 |
||||||||||||||||
|
UNS No. |
Alloy |
1000 |
1050 |
1100 |
1150 |
1200 |
1250 |
1300 |
1350 |
1400 |
1450 |
1500 |
1550 |
1600 |
1650 |
1700 |
|
S20100 |
201 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S20400 |
Nitronic30 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S30400 |
304 |
10.4 |
10.1 |
9.8 |
7.7 |
6.1 |
4.7 |
3.7 |
2.9 |
2.3 |
1.8 |
1.4 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
J92600 |
CF-8 |
10.4 |
9.5 |
7.5 |
6.0 |
4.8 |
3.9 |
3.3 |
2.7 |
2.3 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S30403 |
304L |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
J92500 |
CF-3 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S30451 |
304N |
11.3 |
11.0 |
9.8 |
7.7 |
6.1 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S31600 |
316 |
11.3 |
11.2 |
11.1 |
9.8 |
7.4 |
5.5 |
4.1 |
3.1 |
2.3 |
1.7 |
1.3 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
J92900 |
CF-8M |
11.3 |
11.2 |
8.9 |
6.9 |
5.4 |
4.3 |
3.4 |
2.8 |
2.3 |
1.9 |
1.6 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S31603 |
316L |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
J92800 |
CF-3M |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S31703 |
317L |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S30409 |
304H |
10.4 |
10.1 |
9.8 |
7.7 |
6.1 |
4.7 |
3.7 |
2.9 |
2.3 |
1.8 |
1.4 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S32100 |
321 |
12.0 |
9.6 |
6.9 |
5.0 |
3.6 |
2.6 |
1.7 |
1.1 |
0.80 |
0.50 |
0.30 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S34700 |
347 |
13.4 |
12.1 |
9.1 |
6.1 |
4.4 |
3.3 |
2.2 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
0.90 |
0.80 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S31609 |
316H |
11.3 |
11.2 |
11.1 |
9.8 |
7.4 |
5.5 |
4.1 |
3.1 |
2.3 |
1.7 |
1.3 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S30815 |
253MA |
14.9 |
11.6 |
9.0 |
6.9 |
5.2 |
4.0 |
3.1 |
2.4 |
1.9 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.0 |
0.86 |
0.71 |
--- |
|
S30908 |
309S |
9.9 |
7.1 |
5.0 |
3.6 |
2.5 |
1.5 |
0.80 |
0.50 |
0.40 |
0.30 |
0.20 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S30909 |
309H |
12.3 |
10.3 |
7.6 |
5.5 |
4.0 |
3.0 |
2.2 |
1.7 |
1.3 |
1.0 |
0.75 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S31008 |
310S |
9.9 |
7.1 |
5.0 |
3.6 |
2.5 |
1.5 |
0.80 |
0.50 |
0.40 |
0.30 |
0.20 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
S31009 |
310H |
12.1 |
10.3 |
7.6 |
5.5 |
4.0 |
3.0 |
2.2 |
1.7 |
1.3 |
0.97 |
0.75 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |